By default when you setup mac mail IMAP it does not store the Sent items on the server.
If you wish to have your sent items stored on the server you will need to go through a short, simple process in order to have this done:
Step 1: Select the “Sent” folder in the left side that is listed under the IMAP folders for the account.

Step 2: click “Mailbox” from the menu bar.
Go to “Use This Mailbox For” and in the box that opens up select “Sent”.
With this done MacMail will now use the “Sent” folder on the server to store sent emails rather than use the local “Sent” folder.